gammelt/nytt: Musikk haram eller halal?

Imam Abu Haneefah(*108) has perhaps the harshest view of the four famous Imams of jurisprudence.

His school of thought is the strictest, for he detested singing and considered it sinful. As for his

disciples, they have explicitly confirmed the prohibition of listening to all musical amusements and

pastimes, including wind instruments (mazaameer),(*109) all types of tambourines, hand drums

(dufoof)(*110) and even the striking of sticks(al-qadeeb). They have asserted that such actions

constitute disobedience to Allah and that the performer of such action is sinful, therefore necessitating

rejection of his testimony.(*111) They have further stated that it is incumbent upon the Muslim to

struggle to avoid listening to such things, even if he were passing by or stationed near them (without

any willful intention). Abu Haneefah's closest disciple, Abu Yoosuf, stated that if the sound of

musical instruments (ma'aazif) and amusements (malaahi) were heard coming from a house, the house

could be entered without permission of its owners.(*112) The justification for this is that the

command regarding the prohibition of abominable things (munkaaraat) is mandatory, and cannot be

established if such entering rests upon the permission of the residents of the premises.(*113) This is

the madhhab (position) of the rest of the Kufic scholars as well, such as Ibraheem An-Nakha'i,

Ash-Sha'bi, Hammaad and Ath-Thowri. They do not differ on this issue. The same can be said of the

general body of jurisprudence of Al-Basrah.(*114)